diff --git a/cache-ns.rkt b/cache-ns.rkt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7f37982
--- /dev/null
+++ b/cache-ns.rkt
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#lang racket/base
+(provide (all-defined-out))
+
+(define (load-in-namespace to-ns . module-names)
+  (for-each (λ(mn) (eval `(require ,mn) to-ns)) module-names))
+
+(define (copy-from-namespace from-ns to-ns . module-names)
+  (for-each (λ(mn) (namespace-attach-module from-ns mn to-ns)) module-names))
diff --git a/cache.rkt b/cache.rkt
index 3f3c248..c1e11d6 100644
--- a/cache.rkt
+++ b/cache.rkt
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 #lang racket/base
-(require racket/path racket/file file/cache sugar/coerce "project.rkt" "world.rkt" "rerequire.rkt")
+(require racket/path racket/file file/cache sugar/coerce "project.rkt" "world.rkt" "rerequire.rkt" "cache-ns.rkt")
 
 ;; The cache is a hash with paths as keys.
 ;; The cache values are also hashes, with key/value pairs for that path.
@@ -47,12 +47,6 @@
 (require 'caching-module)
 (define caching-module-ns (namespace-anchor->namespace caching-module-nsa))
 
-(define (load-in-namespace to-ns . module-names)
-  (for-each (λ(mn) (eval `(require ,mn) to-ns)) module-names))
-
-(define (copy-from-namespace from-ns to-ns . module-names)
-  (for-each (λ(mn) (namespace-attach-module from-ns mn to-ns)) module-names))
-
 (define cached-module-names '(xml
                               racket/bool
                               racket/class
diff --git a/render.rkt b/render.rkt
index a84868e..68599fa 100644
--- a/render.rkt
+++ b/render.rkt
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #lang racket/base
 (require racket/file racket/path racket/match)
 (require sugar/test sugar/define sugar/container sugar/file)
-(require "file.rkt" "cache.rkt" "world.rkt" "debug.rkt" "pagetree.rkt" "project.rkt" "template.rkt" "rerequire.rkt")
+(require "file.rkt" "cache.rkt" "world.rkt" "debug.rkt" "pagetree.rkt" "project.rkt" "template.rkt" "rerequire.rkt" "cache-ns.rkt")
 
 ;; used to track renders according to modification dates of component files
 (define mod-date-hash (make-hash))
@@ -230,12 +230,6 @@
 (require 'caching-module)
 (define caching-module-ns (namespace-anchor->namespace caching-module-nsa))
 
-(define (load-in-namespace to-ns . module-names)
-  (for-each (λ(mn) (eval `(require ,mn) to-ns)) module-names))
-
-(define (copy-from-namespace from-ns to-ns . module-names)
-  (for-each (λ(mn) (namespace-attach-module from-ns mn to-ns)) module-names))
-
 (define cached-module-names '(xml
                                    racket/bool
                                    racket/class